GRAVITY IS NOT CURVED SPACE-TIME , IT IS THE FLUID PROPERTY OF SPACE-TIME

GRAVITY IS NOT CURVED SPACE-TIME , IT IS THE FLUID PROPERTY OF SPACE-TIME

Our understanding of energy and matter is that they both curve space-time in the same way, which results in a gravitational field.

The problem ( in my view ) is that we cannot explain gravity in terms of energy and matter being equivalent in how they affect space-time.

Adding energy to a system's mass does not increase its gravitational attraction ( ok ..maybe a very...very small % ).

Remember we are told mass and energy are absolutely equivalent in the affect they have on space-time, which is to bend / curve / warp it.

With mass and energy being responsible for the curving of space-time it would be reasonable to assume that a spacecraft traveling at near c would bend space-time and therefore increase it's gravitational field exponentially very,very close to the speed of light.

Let me show you ( mentally ) how I think this is not the case.

Thought Experiments

Remember Einstein always thought...initially... this way.

A spacecraft moving at 0.9999999999999 c using rocket power ( not tic tac space-time manipulations )......will it act like a mini fast travelling neutron star,pulling every nearby particle of matter into its strong gravitational field ? Just to remind you …...At very near c your spacecraft is warping,curving space-time in a monstrous way.On your forward viewing screen there is a circle/ball of brilliant light with a small central area of ultraviolet light , x-rays and gamma radiation. All the light from stars and galaxies around ( front ,back and sides ) your spacecraft has been warped, bent ,curved into the forward moving image of you spacecrafts generated space-time well/crater.If this is not curved space-time...I don't know what is........So there must be an enormous gravity field generated by your spacecraft??? Or does it just bend space-time ,no extra gravitational field created.

What seems more normal / natural /covariant ?

On the ISS orbiting the Earth, a simple experiment is set up to measure the gravitational attraction of two floating lead balls 10kg each.....the gravitational attraction is found to be normal for two lead balls in free fall .This experiment will take a few hours under carefully controlled conditions.

Now conducting the same experiment on a spacecraft , cruising ( power off ) at near c in intergalactic space.

The gravitational attraction is found again to be normal in this ref frame.This experiment will take longer in our Earth time frame ,maybe weeks/months.

Two oil tankers side by side ( in the sea on Earth ) attract each other with 150kg of force.Now let's imagine the two tankers in intergalactic space very close together...let the velocity now increase to near c . Do they now attract each other with a greater force than 150kg...no

Replace the oil tankers..with giant equivalent mass ( non rotating ) gyroscope's in intergalactic space. The attractive force between the two massive still gyros is found to be normal within Newton's gravitational laws.

Now fire up the gyros so the rim speed is one third c .

The axes of the gyros and direction of rotation can be any which way you choose ( in all arrangements there will be warping of space-time / frame dragging ) but once again no added gravitational attraction will be found with all that enormous extra energy added ( into this complex system ) which is WARPING space-time.

Do galaxies receding from us at near light speed have a greatly enhanced gravitational field ...no.

Many neutron ( think neutron stars for the density of these tiny objects ) particles moving very close together at very near c at the LHC ......do we see a convergence of these particles, as there enhanced gravitational attractions forces ... them together...no.

Would a neutron star have a greater gravitational attraction if it rotated faster...if i'm right ...no.

To say mass and energy are equivalent in interaction with space-time is analogous to saying ice and steam / lightning bolt and a lead ball all interact equally with space-time.Matter is a frozen form of energy ( from the book Einsteins Universe by: Nigel Calder ).

COVARIANCE

Einstein imagined what it was like to travel with a light beam...what would his eyes see in a mirror at near light speed?

Einstein showed that time and space changed approaching light speed...BUT all of nature's laws remained covariant in that ref frame...when Einstein looked in the mirror NOTHING HAD CHANGED with the image he received back.

Covariance( principle of )...The belief that the most fundamental laws of physics can be stated in a way that is independent of the motion of an observer.( from the book: The cosmic frontiers of general relativity... by:William J Kaufmann ).

The laws of physics are the same for all inertial reference frames.

Gravitation...The universal attraction existing between material bodies ...IS THIS A NATURAL/FUNDAMENTAL LAW ? Gravitational mass . Rest mass .Inertial mass ...are all the same /number of atoms in each mass ( no change ).

Some things will always be the same in whatever ref frame ( time / light speed / rulers / Pi on a small scale ) you are in.

The two lead balls in front of you will not become strong magnets...... that you cannot separate @ near c .

Smell/touch/taste/love ( @ near c ) just the same as on good old ( ref frame ) Earth.

It was reading the book :EINSTEIN'S WAR by: Matthew Stanley that focused my attention on what troubled and tormented Einstein so much before his eventual enlightenment....COVARIANCE.

In order to make a General theory of relativity...equations where needed to fulfil several criteria:

• They had to be generally covariant.They had to express the laws of nature in a form that would make sense to any observer in the universe,no matter how they were moving,this had to include all the strange features of special relativity as well.

• They had to include the equivalence principle.They had to make gravity and acceleration indistinguishable.

• They had to contain the great laws of classical physics.

• They had to explain why Newton's law of gravity worked so well.

Different observers moving in whatever strange ways ,will always agree on the laws of nature.

IN A SENSE, COVARIANCE( for Einstein ) WAS THE CORE PRINCIPLE OF RELATIVITY.

CONCLUSION

Our observations of SPACE, as far as we can see and a bit more, is that it is very near flat.

Matter does not bend space-time...it makes space-time flow.

In galaxy clusters how do they send out tendrils of gaseous matter to each other at vast distances,by warping space-time? I wonder if there is a mechanism that allows matter swallowed by a black hole to be recycled again into our universe?

Does a black-hole have to go to the toilet sometimes ?....think matter.antimatter.dark matter.dark energy around the corona / halo / aura of the galaxy.

Check out the ISS vid of astronaut Chris Hadfield wringing out water from a NASA wash cloth.

Replace NASA wash cloth//water...with a galaxy containing a black hole // quantum foam( matter.antimatter.dark energy.dark matter...and much more all surrounding the galaxy ).

All to be absorbed again.......like a supernova exploding... conveying all elements and more to all parts of the local galaxy.

How wonderfully natural.

There is something different in the way matter interacts with space-time....COMPARED to Energy... it is not the same interaction.

Space is not always static (A) Acceleration and (G) Gravity are equivalent.

In (A) we travel through space-time.

in (G) space-time travels through us.

At near c you are curving / bending space-time , no extra gravitation is created.Your energy is off the scale but your rest mass is the same.Gravity only increases when your rest mass is added to ( more atoms ).All matter is supported.... by a flow of space-time.

A neutron particle is incredibly dense ...hence the neutron star and amazing gravity.

The film STAR TREK ( 2009 ) with Chris Pine as Kirk... @ 1:22... young Scotty: "Imagine that.... it never occurred to me that space was the thing that was moving".

I think Einstein has restricted space-time to being flat or curved (with a few twist's and wave's)..when in fact it has many properties.. yet to be found.

If any of you can get your head around the mathematic's ( if you can't this will still be rubbish ) of all this ( I think in images and concepts/ thought experiments )...you may find the following interesting

• Tom Van Flandern, articles.

• Fizeau experiment... light speed / hydrodynamics

• work by....Professor Bei Lok Hu , University of Maryland

• fluidic electrodynamics: on parallels between electromagnetic and fluidic inertia...Alexanre A. Martins

• Professor Hermann Bondi . book:Assumption and myth in physical theory pages 66-68.CURVE YOUR mind AROUND THIS ....REVELATION.

Thank you for your time...Graham .D .Oakley. June 2020.